A postpositional particle used to emphasize the place or time of the preceding statement or compare it with another.

A postpositional particle used to emphasize a certain object or compare it with another.

A postpositional particle used to stress that the speaker will choose the following content, because the content of the preceding statement is less satisfactory.

A postpositional particle used to emphasize that it is one's own idea.

A postpositional particle used to refer to an impossible case or situation restrictively in order to emphasize it.

A postpositional particle used to emphasize the criterion for one's judgment.